课文

昨天我和爸爸、妈妈、哥哥、姐姐去公园爬山了。我们是坐出租车来的。公园里有很多人，有的唱歌，有的骑马，可热闹了！ {Play}

（热闹[rè nào] full of exciting activities）

Yesterday I went to a park by taxi with my dad, mom, elder brother and elder sister. We went to climb the hill. There were lots of people in the park. Some were singing, and some were riding horses. What a happy scene!

姑姑给孩子讲故事：有个小姑娘，学习一点都不刻苦，每天恨不得出去玩，看书的时间不到一刻钟，结果考试的时候就糊涂了，再胡思乱想也做不出来，真是活该！ {Play}

Auntie is telling a story to the children: A little girl does not work hard on her study. She always wants to go out to play and does not spend more than 15 minutes on her textbooks every day. In the exam, she is completely baffled. Racking her brains, she still cannot work out the answers. She deserves it!

单韵母Simple finals

汉语普通话，单韵母有7个，分别为：

a   o   e   i    u    ü er

There are 7 single finals in Chinese: “a, o, e, i, u, ü, er”.

a        like a in "father"

o      close to aw in "saw"

e      like ir in "bird" and "sir"

i       1) like i in "sit"; 2) like i in "sir", après "c","ch","r","s","sh","z" et "zh"

u        like u in "rude"

ü          like the French "u"

Here is the pronunciation of these six vowels: a o e i u ü

"a": It is produced by lowering the tongue, with the mouth and lips wide-open. The breath comes out freely.

"o": It is produced by keeping the tongue in a half raised position with the back of the tongue towards the soft palate, the mouth a little open and the lips slightly rounded.

"e": It is produced by raising the back of the tongue towards the soft palate, with the mouth half open and the tongue a little lower than in the case of "o". "e" is the unrounded vowel corresponding to the rounded vowel "o".

"i": It is produced by raising the front blade of the tongue towards the hard palate, with the mouth a little open and the lips flat, and then letting the breath come out between the hard palate and the blade of the tongue.

"u": It is produced by raising the back of the tongue towards the soft palate, and rounding the lips, with the mouth a little open, and then letting the breath come out between the soft palate and the back of the tongue.

"ü": The position of the tongue is like that of "i", but the shape of the lips is different; the shape of the lips is like that of "u", but the position of the tongue is different; the mouth is kept open as little as in pronouncing "i" and "u", "ü" is the rounded vowel corresponding to the unrounded vowel "i", and hence "ü" is the same position as in pronouncing "i" and the lips as rounded as in pronouncing "u".

In case two syllables of which the second one begins with “a”, “o”, “e” should run into each other and cause confusion in pronunciation, the dividing sign “’” must be used. e.g.

fáng'ài 妨碍    (to hinder)

fān'gài 翻盖    (to rebuild)

When “i”, “u”, “ü” and a “yùn”韵母 beginning with “i”, “u” or “ü” are not preceded by any “shēng” 声母，they must be written as follows:

yi   ya  ye  yan you yao   yin yang ying yong

wu       wa       wo       wai      wei

wan     wen     wang   weng

yu        yue      yuan    yun

(The two dots on ü are omitted.)

声符及例字

ā          阿        啊

bā        巴        芭、笆、疤、吧、爸、爬

mǎ       马        妈、吗、蚂

bā        圭        娃、哇、洼

yá        牙        呀

bō        波        菠、婆

wō       呙        锅、涡

mò       莫        摹、蓦

gé        鬲        隔

kē        科        蝌

hé        曷        喝、渴

kě        可        哥、呵

dì         弟        递、涕、剃、梯

lǐ          里        理

jǐ         几        饥、讥、

qí         其        棋、箕、琪

zhǔ      主        住、注

gǔ        古        胡、苦、估

yú        于        宇、吁

yú        鱼        渔

yú        禺        遇、寓

qǔ        取        娶

yǔ        雨       

ěr        尔        弥

声旁字 Phonetic Radical

【巴】bā hope earnestly; the old name for Sichuan

爸  bà  8画  father

吧  ba  7画  a modal particle used at the end of a sentence

爬  pá  8画  climb

【马】  mǎ    horse

妈  mā  6画  mother

吗  ma  6画  an interrogative particle used at the end of a question

【可】  kě    but; can

哥  gē  10画  elder brother

何  hé  7画  what; why

【哥】  gē    elder brother

歌  gē  14画  song

【古】  gǔ    ancient

古  gǔ  5画  ancient

姑  gū  8画  girl; aunt

故  gù  9画  past; hence; die; on purpose

胡  hú  9画  carelessly; recklessly

糊  hū  15画  paste

苦  kǔ  8画  bitter; hardship

【且】  qiě    even; just

姐  jiě  8画  elder sister

祖  zǔ  9画  ancestor

租  zū  10画  rent; hire; lease

组  zǔ  8画  organize; form; group

【弔】（吊）  diào    hang

弟  dì  7画  younger brother

第  dì  11画  a prefix for ordinal numbers

四、练习

SIDE ONE, BAND ONE

1)Read the following vowels: (to be read across)

a    o    e                a    o    e

a    a          o    o          e    e

i     u   ü                     i     u    ü

i     i           u  u          ü    ü

a    o    e                i     u    ü

2)Read the following syllables, paying attention to the pronunciation of the consonants: (to be read across)

bo  de              bo  de

ge  bo              ge  bo

de  ge              de  ge

3)Practise the following spellings:(on the record, the columns are read first down, then across)

4)Practice the following spellings and tones: (read across)

ā           ā          á          á

ǖ           ǖ          ǘ          ǘ

bā         bā        bá        bá

dā         dā        dá        dá

bō         bō        bó        bó

gē         gē        gé        gé

bī          bī         bí         bí

dī          dī         dí         dí

bū         bū        bú        bú

dū         dū        dú        dú

Home Work

1)Learn the above exercises by heart and pay special attention to the pronunciation of “o”, “e” and “ü”.

2)Learn the 1st tone and the 2nd tone by heart, and pay special attention to the pitch of the 2nd tone.

3)Read the vowels and consonants in this lesson as many times as you can, until you are able to write them out from your memory.

4)Write the phonetic symbols in this lesson five times.